CVE-2026-40342

Firebird is an open-source relational database management system. In versions prior to 5.0.4, 4.0.7 and 3.0.14, the external engine plugin loader concatenates a user-supplied engine name into a filesystem path without filtering path separators or .. components. An authenticated user with CREATE FUNCTION privileges can use a crafted ENGINE name to load an arbitrary shared library from anywhere on the filesystem via path traversal. The library's initialization code executes immediately during loading, before Firebird validates the module, achieving code execution as the server's OS account. This issue has been fixed in versions 5.0.4, 4.0.7 and 3.0.14.

CVSS 3.1

9.9CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H

EPSS

0.7% chance of exploitation in the next 30 days; higher than 52% of CVEs (scores of 2026-10-26)

CWEs

CWE-22, CWE-73, CWE-94, CWE-427

Published

2026-04-17

Modified

2026-10-26

Record from

the NVD, synced 2026-10-26

Affected

• firebirdsql:firebird

References

• https://github.com/FirebirdSQL/firebird/releases/tag/v3.0.14
• https://github.com/FirebirdSQL/firebird/releases/tag/v4.0.7
• https://github.com/FirebirdSQL/firebird/releases/tag/v5.0.4
• https://github.com/FirebirdSQL/firebird/security/advisories/GHSA-7pxc-h3rv-r257

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