Medium (4.7) in linux linux kernel. EPSS 0.1% chance of exploitation in the next 30 days.
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
iommu/amd/iommu_v2: Fix pasid_state refcount dec hit 0 warning on pasid unbind
When unbinding pasid - a race condition exists vs outstanding page faults.
To prevent this, the pasid_state object contains a refcount.
* set to 1 on pasid bind
* incremented on each ppr notification start
* decremented on each ppr notification done
* decremented on pasid unbind
Since refcount_dec assumes that refcount will never reach 0:
the current implementation causes the following to be invoked on
pasid unbind:
REFCOUNT_WARN("decrement hit 0; leaking memory")
Fix this issue by changing refcount_dec to refcount_dec_and_test
to explicitly handle refcount=1.
Severity
CVSS 3.1
4.7 medium
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
EPSS
0.1% chance of exploitation in the next 30 days; higher than 4% of CVEs (scores of 2026-10-31)