CVE-2023-33241

9.1 criticalEPSS 1.2%

Critical (9.1). EPSS 1.2% chance of exploitation in the next 30 days.

Crypto wallets implementing the GG18 or GG20 TSS protocol might allow an attacker to extract a full ECDSA private key by injecting a malicious pallier key and cheating in the range proof. Depending on the Beta parameters chosen in the protocol implementation, the attack might require 16 signatures or more fully exfiltrate the other parties' private key shares.

Severity

CVSS 3.1

9.1 critical

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N

EPSS: 1.2% chance of exploitation in the next 30 days; higher than 67% of CVEs (scores of 2026-10-31)
CWE: CWE-74
Published: 2023-08-09
Modified: 2026-06-17
Record from: the NVD, synced 2026-10-19

Affected

gg18_project:gg18
gg20_project:gg20

References

https://eprint.iacr.org/2019/114.pdf
https://eprint.iacr.org/2020/540.pdf
https://github.com/fireblocks-labs/mpc-ecdsa-attacks-23
https://github.com/fireblocks-labs/safeheron-gg20-exploit-poc
https://www.fireblocks.com/blog/gg18-and-gg20-paillier-key-vulnerability-technical-report/

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