High (7.8). EPSS 2.0% chance of exploitation in the next 30 days.
In zsh before 5.8.1, an attacker can achieve code execution if they control a command output inside the prompt, as demonstrated by a %F argument. This occurs because of recursive PROMPT_SUBST expansion.
Severity
CVSS 3.1
7.8 high
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
EPSS
2.0% chance of exploitation in the next 30 days; higher than 80% of CVEs (scores of 2026-10-31)