lib/oauth/consumer.rb in the oauth-ruby gem through 0.5.4 for Ruby does not verify server X.509 certificates if a certificate bundle cannot be found, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof servers and obtain sensitive information.
Severity
CVSS 3.1
7.4 high
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N
EPSS
0.9% chance of exploitation in the next 30 days; higher than 58% of CVEs (scores of 2026-10-31)