Medium (5.9) in isc bind. EPSS 1.4% chance of exploitation in the next 30 days.
Undefined behavior may result due to a race condition leading to a use-after-free violation. If BIND receives an incoming DNS message signed with SIG(0), it begins work to validate that signature. If, during that validation, the "recursive-clients" limit is reached (as would occur during a query flood), and that same DNS message is discarded per the limit, there is a brief window of time while the SIG(0) validation may attempt to read the now-discarded DNS message.
This issue affects BIND 9 versions 9.20.0 through 9.20.22, 9.21.0 through 9.21.21, and 9.20.9-S1 through 9.20.22-S1.
BIND 9 versions 9.18.28 through 9.18.49 and 9.18.28-S1 through 9.18.49-S1 are NOT affected.
Severity
CVSS 3.1
5.9 medium
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
EPSS
1.4% chance of exploitation in the next 30 days; higher than 72% of CVEs (scores of 2026-10-31)