High (8.1). EPSS 0.4% chance of exploitation in the next 30 days. Fixed in github.com/zitadel/zitadel 4.15.3.
ZITADEL is an open source identity management platform. Prior to 4.15.3, ZITADEL's OAuth2 Token Exchange endpoint for urn:ietf:params:oauth:grant-type:token-exchange does not verify that the subject token belongs to the requesting client or that requested scopes remain within the original token's scopes, allowing a low-privilege token to be exchanged for elevated permissions at another application. This issue is fixed in version 4.15.3.
Severity
CVSS 3.1
8.1 high
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N
EPSS
0.4% chance of exploitation in the next 30 days; higher than 35% of CVEs (scores of 2026-10-31)