Medium (4.6). EPSS 0.2% chance of exploitation in the next 30 days.
Flarum is open-source forum software. When the flarum/nicknames extension is enabled, a registered user can set their nickname to a string that email clients interpret as a hyperlink. The nickname is inserted verbatim into plain-text notification emails, and recipients may be misled into visiting attacker-controlled domains.
Severity
CVSS 3.1
4.6 medium
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N
EPSS
0.2% chance of exploitation in the next 30 days; higher than 7% of CVEs (scores of 2026-10-31)