The Symfony Serializer component DataUriNormalizer::denormalize() matches the data: scheme with a case-sensitive regular expression, allowing a value with an uppercase scheme, such as DATA:,/../../../etc/passwd, to bypass it, resulting in Arbitrary Local File Read through Path Traversal in Symfony versions prior to 5.4.56, 6.x prior to 6.4.50, 7.x prior to 7.4.23, and 8.x prior to 8.1.11.
A value whose scheme is not lowercase data: are treated as a local file path and opened instead of being decoded as inline data, so the resulting File, \SplFileInfo, or \SplFileObject points at a file on the server, which the application then handles as the uploaded content.
Any endpoint that deserializes untrusted input into one of these types is affected. FrameworkBundle registers DataUriNormalizer ahead of ObjectNormalizer by default. A single request with a crafted DATA: value is enough to read arbitrary local files that the application can access, with no authentication needed if the endpoint is public.
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Attack patterns (CAPEC)
CAPEC-64 Using Slashes and URL Encoding Combined to Bypass Validation Logic Likelihood: High · Severity: High
CAPEC-76 Manipulating Web Input to File System Calls Likelihood: High · Severity: Very High
CAPEC-78 Using Escaped Slashes in Alternate Encoding Likelihood: High · Severity: High
CAPEC-79 Using Slashes in Alternate Encoding Likelihood: High · Severity: High
CAPEC-126 Path Traversal Likelihood: High · Severity: Very High
CAPEC-13 Subverting Environment Variable Values Likelihood: High · Severity: Very High
CAPEC-72 URL Encoding Likelihood: High · Severity: High
CAPEC-80 Using UTF-8 Encoding to Bypass Validation Logic Likelihood: High · Severity: High
CAPEC-267 Leverage Alternate Encoding Likelihood: High · Severity: High
The attack patterns MITRE's CAPEC relates to this record's weaknesses, as MITRE names them. Credits.