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CVE-2026-111768

7.5 highEPSS 0.6%Fix available

High (7.5). EPSS 0.6% estimated probability of exploitation activity in the next 30 days. Fixed in @modelcontextprotocol/sdk 1.32.0.

On this page
The Model Context Protocol TypeScript SDK provides TypeScript client and server implementations of the Model Context Protocol. From 1.3.0 until 1.32.0 in @modelcontextprotocol/sdk and from 2.0.0 until 2.3.0 in @modelcontextprotocol/server, HTTP servers did not enforce a limit on the number of array elements and object keys validated in one request. The affected surface is validation of HTTP requests containing arrays or object keys. The trigger is an array-element or object-key validation workload large enough to exhaust memory while remaining within the request size limit. A single request within the default 4 MiB limit can terminate the process with JavaScript heap exhaustion. No credentials are required unless the application authenticates before SDK processing. Tools accepting arrays or records carry the greatest risk. stdio-only servers do not expose the HTTP request path. Upgrading alone does not enable the new validation bound. Operators must configure both a tool-input element bound and an appropriate request body size limit. This issue is fixed in @modelcontextprotocol/sdk 1.32.0 and @modelcontextprotocol/server 2.3.0.

Severity

CVSS 3.1

7.5 high
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
EPSS
0.6% estimated probability of exploitation activity in the next 30 days; 49th percentile. Scored 2026-11-10. A forecast for this CVE across the internet, not for your own systems.
CISA's assessment (SSVC)
Exploitation: none · Automatable: yes · Technical impact: partial, assessed 2026-11-09. From CISA's Vulnrichment in the CVE List: whether it is exploited, whether exploiting it can be automated, and how much control it gives.
CWE
CWE-770 Allocation of Resources Without Limits or Throttling
Published
Modified
NVD analysis
Awaiting analysis
Record from
the NVD, synced

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Affected

Versions

From the CNA's record in the CVE List.

ProductAffected
modelcontextprotocol typescript-sdk>= 1.3.0, < 1.32.0
@modelcontextprotocol server>= 2.0.0, < 2.3.0
@modelcontextprotocol sdk>= 1.3.0, < 1.32.0

Packages (OSV)

AdvisoryEcosystemPackageAffectedFixed in
GHSA-46jr-4wx8-v453npm@modelcontextprotocol/sdk>=1.3.0 <1.32.01.32.0
GHSA-46jr-4wx8-v453npm@modelcontextprotocol/server>=2.0.0 <2.3.02.3.0

Red Hat

Red Hat rates this Important.

Red Hat's statement

This vulnerability is rated as having Important impact because an unauthenticated remote attacker can trigger complete service unavailability through process termination via a single HTTP request that conforms to default body size limits. Deployments utilizing the stdio transport are unaffected, as the vulnerability is strictly confined to HTTP-based transport mechanisms. In environments exposing HTTP endpoints, the risk is elevated when services expose tools accepting array or dictionary structures without preceding upstream authentication or strict reverse-proxy payload size constraints.

Red Hat's mitigation

To mitigate this vulnerability without applying code changes, implement one or more of the following operational controls:

1. Restrict transport exposure:

Run Model Context Protocol services using the stdio transport instead of HTTP where feasible. If HTTP endpoints are required, restrict network access to trusted hosts using network firewall rules or access control lists.

2. Enforce request body size limits at the reverse proxy or API gateway:

Place the application behind a reverse proxy (such as NGINX or Apache HTTP Server) or ingress controller and reduce the maximum permitted request body size to the minimum required for expected traffic. For example, in an upstream NGINX configuration:

```

client_max_body_size 256k;

```

Warning: Modifying reverse proxy or firewall configurations may require reloading or restarting the service (for example, `systemctl reload nginx`), which can cause temporary interruptions to active network sessions. Ensure the chosen payload limit is tested to avoid dropping valid application requests.

ProductPackageStateAdvisory
Red Hat Hardened Imagesgrafana12.4Not affected
Red Hat Hardened Imagesgrafana13.1Not affected
Red Hat Hardened Imagesgrafana13.2Not affected

Contains Red Hat Security Data © Red Hat, Inc., licensed under CC BY 4.0. Source: https://access.redhat.com/security/data. Modified: reformatted. Red Hat's page for CVE-2026-111768.

Attack patterns (CAPEC)

The attack patterns MITRE's CAPEC relates to this record's weaknesses, as MITRE names them. Credits. More on the page of CWE-770 (20).

References

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