CVE-2026-104437

Zebra before 4.4.0 contains a consensus divergence vulnerability in V5 transparent signature verification, computing a ZIP-244 digest for SIGHASH_SINGLE inputs lacking corresponding outputs instead of failing. Attackers can craft V5 transactions with fewer outputs than inputs that Zebra accepts and templates via getblocktemplate, producing blocks zcashd rejects.

CVSS 4.0

8.3CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

CVSS 3.1

7.4CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:H

EPSS

0.2% chance of exploitation in the next 30 days; higher than 15% of CVEs (scores of 2026-10-25)

CWE

CWE-347

Published

2026-10-02

Modified

2026-10-06

Record from

the NVD, synced 2026-10-19

Packages (OSV)

References

• https://github.com/ZcashFoundation/zebra/security/advisories/GHSA-cwfq-rfcr-8hmp
• https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/zebra-before-4.4.0-consensus-split-via-sighash-single-missing-output-handling
• https://github.com/ZcashFoundation/zebra/security/advisories/GHSA-cwfq-rfcr-8hmp

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