CVE-2025-40190
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ext4: guard against EA inode refcount underflow in xattr update syzkaller found a path where ext4_xattr_inode_update_ref() reads an EA inode refcount that is already <= 0 and then applies ref_change (often -1). That lets the refcount underflow and we proceed with a bogus value, triggering errors like: EXT4-fs error: EA inode <n> ref underflow: ref_count=-1 ref_change=-1 EXT4-fs warning: ea_inode dec ref err=-117 Make the invariant explicit: if the current refcount is non-positive, treat this as on-disk corruption, emit ext4_error_inode(), and fail the operation with -EFSCORRUPTED instead of updating the refcount. Delete the WARN_ONCE() as negative refcounts are now impossible; keep error reporting in ext4_error_inode(). This prevents the underflow and the follow-on orphan/cleanup churn.
- CVSS 3.1
- 7.8
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H - EPSS
- 0.2% chance of exploitation in the next 30 days; higher than 7% of CVEs (scores of 2026-10-25)
- Published
- Modified
- Record from
- the NVD, synced
References
- https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/1cfb3e4ddbdc8e02e637b8852540bd4718bf4814
- https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/3d6269028246f4484bfed403c947a114bb583631
- https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/440b003f449a4ff2a00b08c8eab9ba5cd28f3943
- https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/505e69f76ac497e788f4ea0267826ec7266b40c8
- https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/57295e835408d8d425bef58da5253465db3d6888