High (7.8). EPSS 1.6% chance of exploitation in the next 30 days.
An issue was discovered in the Binary File Descriptor (BFD) library (aka libbfd), as distributed in GNU Binutils through 2.31. There is a heap-based buffer overflow in bfd_elf32_swap_phdr_in in elfcode.h because the number of program headers is not restricted.
Severity
CVSS 3.1
7.8 high
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
EPSS
1.6% chance of exploitation in the next 30 days; higher than 75% of CVEs (scores of 2026-10-31)