In OnlineJudge 2.0, the sandbox has an incorrect access control vulnerability that can write a file anywhere. A user can write a directory listing to /tmp, and can leak file data with a #include.
Severity
CVSS 3.0
9.9 critical
CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H
EPSS
2.2% chance of exploitation in the next 30 days; higher than 82% of CVEs (scores of 2026-10-31)