Critical (9.8) in Apache Struts 1. In CISA KEV since 2022-02-10. EPSS 99% chance of exploitation in the next 30 days.
The Struts 1 plugin in Apache Struts 2.1.x and 2.3.x might allow remote code execution via a malicious field value passed in a raw message to the ActionMessage.
Severity
CVSS 3.1
9.8 critical
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
EPSS
99% chance of exploitation in the next 30 days; higher than 99% of CVEs (scores of 2026-10-31)