Ruby before 2.4.2, 2.3.5, and 2.2.8 is vulnerable to a malicious format string which contains a precious specifier (*) with a huge minus value. Such situation can lead to a buffer overrun, resulting in a heap memory corruption or an information disclosure from the heap.
Severity
CVSS 3.0
9.1 critical
CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:H
EPSS
9.7% chance of exploitation in the next 30 days; higher than 95% of CVEs (scores of 2026-10-31)