In the Convention plugin in Apache Struts 2.3.x before 2.3.31, and 2.5.x before 2.5.5, it is possible to prepare a special URL which will be used for path traversal and execution of arbitrary code on server side.
Severity
CVSS 3.0
9.8 critical
CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
EPSS
8.2% chance of exploitation in the next 30 days; higher than 94% of CVEs (scores of 2026-10-31)