{"cve":"CVE-2026-84311","nvd":{"published":"2026-09-01T21:18:46.887","modified":"2026-10-05T17:42:45.323","status":"Analyzed","description":"pypdf is a free and open-source pure-python PDF library. Prior to 6.16.1, an attacker can craft a PDF that causes pypdf/_page.py PageObject._extract_text and PageObject.extract_xform_text to traverse a directed acyclic graph of reused form XObjects in which each form invokes a child multiple times, creating exponentially many traversal paths and causing long runtimes and large memory consumption. This issue is fixed in version 6.16.1.","cvss_v4":{"vector":"CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:N/VI:N/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N","score":4.8},"cvss_v3":{"version":"3.1","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L","score":3.3},"cwes":["CWE-834"],"references":["https://github.com/py-pdf/pypdf/commit/d91ab705fd81ed1a9cec175c6958600dea1a4942","https://github.com/py-pdf/pypdf/pull/3966","https://github.com/py-pdf/pypdf/releases/tag/6.16.1","https://github.com/py-pdf/pypdf/security/advisories/GHSA-763m-79hh-57f2"],"products":["pypdf_project:pypdf"],"source":"nvd","synced_at":"2026-10-19T22:50:50.842544443+00:00"},"epss":{"cve":"CVE-2026-84311","score":0.00135,"percentile":0.02917,"date":"2026-10-25"},"kev":null,"osv":[{"id":"GHSA-763m-79hh-57f2","url":"https://osv.dev/vulnerability/GHSA-763m-79hh-57f2","summary":"pypdf: Possible long runtimes/large memory usage when extracting XForm objects","modified":"2026-09-10T12:26:04.098858222Z","packages":[{"ecosystem":"PyPI","name":"pypdf","purl":"pkg:pypi/pypdf","ranges":["<6.16.1"],"fixed":["6.16.1"]}]},{"id":"PYSEC-2026-3911","url":"https://osv.dev/vulnerability/PYSEC-2026-3911","summary":"pypdf: Possible long runtimes/large memory usage when extracting XForm objects","modified":"2026-09-10T12:15:12.053292716Z","packages":[{"ecosystem":"PyPI","name":"pypdf","purl":"pkg:pypi/pypdf","ranges":["<6.16.1"],"fixed":["6.16.1"]}]}],"attribution":["This product uses the NVD API but is not endorsed or certified by the NVD.","EPSS scores: FIRST Exploit Prediction Scoring System, https://www.first.org/epss","Known exploited vulnerabilities: CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities Catalog, https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog","Package advisories: OSV (https://osv.dev), from the GitHub Advisory Database, PyPA, Go, RustSec and other ecosystem databases, under CC-BY 4.0 or CC0","CVE records: the CVE Program's CVE List (https://www.cve.org), under its terms of use (https://www.cve.org/Legal/TermsOfUse). CVE is a registered trademark of The MITRE Corporation; this product is not affiliated with the CVE Program."]}