{"cve":"CVE-2026-77415","nvd":{"published":"2026-08-21T21:17:07.553","modified":"2026-10-12T16:10:00.220","status":"Deferred","description":"JSONata is a JSON query and transformation language. Prior to 1.8.8 and 2.2.1, crafted JSONata expressions could chain several object-integrity weaknesses to execute arbitrary code. The chain could overwrite $clone to mutate objects through evaluateTransformExpression, expose and deconstruct JSONata functions or lambdas through $merge.*, replace proc.arguments.forEach used by applyProcedure, and forge internal lambda state. These primitives allowed an attacker to reach prototype getters, prototype and constructor access, and process.getBuiltinModule with child_process, executing code with the privileges of the host process. This issue is fixed in versions 1.8.8 and 2.2.1.","cvss_v4":{"vector":"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N","score":9.3},"cvss_v3":null,"cwes":["CWE-94"],"references":["https://github.com/jsonata-js/jsonata/commit/47c0e58542202c705726663166dbee5fcae47d06","https://github.com/jsonata-js/jsonata/commit/4b217d514376e30cba278941298d7ba97c4a6c6e","https://github.com/jsonata-js/jsonata/commit/59e25144fc3b7125f6befd71b8a6e14e1fa610d2","https://github.com/jsonata-js/jsonata/commit/f09df8416eab8ff44926fc6527c80fb8701de159","https://github.com/jsonata-js/jsonata/commit/f174348c7fa30f271b63ddedf0767e814004bc4d"],"products":[],"source":"nvd","synced_at":"2026-10-19T22:49:38.260478770+00:00"},"epss":{"cve":"CVE-2026-77415","score":0.00892,"percentile":0.59163,"date":"2026-10-25"},"kev":null,"osv":[{"id":"GHSA-66mm-25pp-rfff","url":"https://osv.dev/vulnerability/GHSA-66mm-25pp-rfff","summary":"JSONata vulnerable to Arbitrary Code Execution via crafted JSONata expressions","modified":"2026-08-21T21:25:57.805620Z","packages":[{"ecosystem":"npm","name":"jsonata","purl":"pkg:npm/jsonata","ranges":[">=2.0.0 <2.2.1"],"fixed":["2.2.1"]},{"ecosystem":"npm","name":"jsonata","purl":"pkg:npm/jsonata","ranges":["<1.8.8"],"fixed":["1.8.8"]}]}],"attribution":["This product uses the NVD API but is not endorsed or certified by the NVD.","EPSS scores: FIRST Exploit Prediction Scoring System, https://www.first.org/epss","Known exploited vulnerabilities: CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities Catalog, https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog","Package advisories: OSV (https://osv.dev), from the GitHub Advisory Database, PyPA, Go, RustSec and other ecosystem databases, under CC-BY 4.0 or CC0","CVE records: the CVE Program's CVE List (https://www.cve.org), under its terms of use (https://www.cve.org/Legal/TermsOfUse). CVE is a registered trademark of The MITRE Corporation; this product is not affiliated with the CVE Program."]}