{"cve":"CVE-2026-55851","nvd":{"published":"2026-07-21T22:17:14.340","modified":"2026-07-30T14:48:31.250","status":"Analyzed","description":"Netty is a network application framework for development of protocol servers and clients. In versions 4.2.0.Final up to (but not including) 4.2.16.Final, and 4.1.0.Final up to (but not including) 4.1.135, the `HAProxyMessageDecoder` in Netty's `codec-haproxy` module performs protocol version detection by reading the 13th byte as a signed Java `byte` and widening it to `int` without masking; a PROXY protocol v2 binary prefix followed by version byte `0xFF` sign-extends to `-1`, collides with the decoder's need-more-data sentinel, and causes `ByteToMessageDecoder` to accumulate inbound bytes in an unbounded `cumulation` buffer until direct memory is exhausted. This issue is fixed in versions 4.1.136.Final and 4.2.16.Final.","cvss_v4":{"vector":"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N","score":8.7},"cvss_v3":{"version":"3.1","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H","score":7.5},"cwes":["CWE-400"],"references":["https://github.com/netty/netty/commit/5b68c61f37aa4a3045cba624cbea239655c9003b","https://github.com/netty/netty/commit/bb2ff68a1fb71cb4b0eb9a9e17b66c52aff680c6","https://github.com/netty/netty/releases/tag/netty-4.1.136.Final","https://github.com/netty/netty/releases/tag/netty-4.2.16.Final","https://github.com/netty/netty/security/advisories/GHSA-q6cq-mhr2-jmr5"],"products":["netty:netty"],"source":"nvd","synced_at":"2026-10-19T22:45:53.305392138+00:00"},"epss":{"cve":"CVE-2026-55851","score":0.0063,"percentile":0.50195,"date":"2026-10-31"},"kev":null,"osv":[{"id":"GHSA-q6cq-mhr2-jmr5","url":"https://osv.dev/vulnerability/GHSA-q6cq-mhr2-jmr5","summary":"Netty: [codec-haproxy] Signed-Byte Sentinel Collision in HAProxyMessageDecoder Leads to Unbounded Memory Exhaustion","modified":"2026-09-10T03:51:11.783924427Z","packages":[{"ecosystem":"Maven","name":"io.netty:netty-codec-haproxy","purl":"pkg:maven/io.netty/netty-codec-haproxy","ranges":[">=4.2.0.Final <4.2.16.Final"],"fixed":["4.2.16.Final"]},{"ecosystem":"Maven","name":"io.netty:netty-codec-haproxy","purl":"pkg:maven/io.netty/netty-codec-haproxy","ranges":[">=4.1.0.Final <4.1.136.Final"],"fixed":["4.1.136.Final"]}]}],"attribution":["This product uses the NVD API but is not endorsed or certified by the NVD.","EPSS scores: FIRST Exploit Prediction Scoring System, https://www.first.org/epss","Known exploited vulnerabilities: CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities Catalog, https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog","Package advisories: OSV (https://osv.dev), from the GitHub Advisory Database, PyPA, Go, RustSec and other ecosystem databases, under CC-BY 4.0 or CC0","CVE records: the CVE Program's CVE List (https://www.cve.org), under its terms of use (https://www.cve.org/Legal/TermsOfUse). CVE is a registered trademark of The MITRE Corporation; this product is not affiliated with the CVE Program."]}