{"cve":"CVE-2026-46403","nvd":{"published":"2026-07-21T20:17:01.067","modified":"2026-10-24T19:10:00.127","status":"Deferred","description":"Klever-Go is the Go implementation of the Klever blockchain protocol. Prior to 1.7.17, KVM exposes `ExecuteReadOnlyWithTypedArguments` as a read-only execution mechanism. The hook saves the previous read-only state, sets `runtime.SetReadOnly(true)`, executes the destination context, and then restores the previous read-only state. However, the indirect contract delete and upgrade paths do not reject execution when `runtime.ReadOnly()` is true. As a result, a contract reached through read-only execution can call the production delete hook for a target contract it owns. The delete path appends the target address to `vmOutput.DeletedAccounts`, the output context merges `DeletedAccounts` into the caller output, and the smart contract processor later processes the VM output by deleting accounts listed in that field. The root cause is that read-only mode is applied as runtime state, but not enforced by the state-changing delete and upgrade host-core paths. This breaks the expected isolation boundary for workflows that rely on read-only calls to inspect another contract without allowing that callee to produce state-changing VM output. The issue is fixed in v1.7.17. Contract delete and upgrade host-core paths now reject execution when `runtime.ReadOnly()` is true. The invariant is regression-tested for delete, upgrade, storage writes, value transfers, and any VM output field that can later mutate chain state.","cvss_v4":null,"cvss_v3":{"version":"3.1","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:N/I:H/A:N","score":6.3},"cwes":["CWE-693"],"references":["https://github.com/klever-io/klever-go/commit/333f6ec910906e227705fc5767dc897d8fbfc862","https://github.com/klever-io/klever-go/commit/68b94a40824fac2d848a4ded6eb7c91ada6ce9ef","https://github.com/klever-io/klever-go/security/advisories/GHSA-jc6w-wmfc-fh33","https://github.com/klever-io/klever-go/security/advisories/GHSA-jc6w-wmfc-fh33"],"products":[],"source":"nvd","synced_at":"2026-10-25T17:50:08.599881581+00:00"},"epss":{"cve":"CVE-2026-46403","score":0.00478,"percentile":0.40947,"date":"2026-10-25"},"kev":null,"osv":[{"id":"GHSA-jc6w-wmfc-fh33","url":"https://osv.dev/vulnerability/GHSA-jc6w-wmfc-fh33","summary":"Klever-Go KVM read-only execution can commit contract delete and upgrade side effects","modified":"2026-06-25T23:11:17.097520326Z","packages":[{"ecosystem":"Go","name":"github.com/klever-io/klever-go","purl":"pkg:golang/github.com/klever-io/klever-go","ranges":["<1.7.17"],"fixed":["1.7.17"]}]},{"id":"GO-2026-5461","url":"https://osv.dev/vulnerability/GO-2026-5461","summary":"Klever-Go KVM read-only execution can commit contract delete and upgrade side effects in github.com/klever-io/klever-go","modified":"2026-06-25T23:01:14.001397548Z","packages":[{"ecosystem":"Go","name":"github.com/klever-io/klever-go","purl":"pkg:golang/github.com/klever-io/klever-go","ranges":["<1.7.17"],"fixed":["1.7.17"]}]}],"attribution":["This product uses the NVD API but is not endorsed or certified by the NVD.","EPSS scores: FIRST Exploit Prediction Scoring System, https://www.first.org/epss","Known exploited vulnerabilities: CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities Catalog, https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog","Package advisories: OSV (https://osv.dev), from the GitHub Advisory Database, PyPA, Go, RustSec and other ecosystem databases, under CC-BY 4.0 or CC0","CVE records: the CVE Program's CVE List (https://www.cve.org), under its terms of use (https://www.cve.org/Legal/TermsOfUse). CVE is a registered trademark of The MITRE Corporation; this product is not affiliated with the CVE Program."]}