{"cve":"CVE-2026-41523","nvd":{"published":"2026-06-22T23:16:30.200","modified":"2026-10-25T23:10:00.167","status":"Modified","description":"vLLM is an inference and serving engine for large language models (LLMs). Prior to 0.22.0, an assert-based security check in vLLM's activation function loading allows any unauthenticated attacker to achieve arbitrary code execution on the server by publishing a malicious HuggingFace model, when vLLM runs in Python optimized mode (python -O or PYTHONOPTIMIZE=1). This vulnerability is fixed in 0.22.0.","cvss_v4":null,"cvss_v3":{"version":"3.1","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H","score":7.5},"cwes":["CWE-94","CWE-617"],"references":["https://github.com/vllm-project/vllm/commit/b3c7ffcab82c2439726f8cb213800f6f38c023d3","https://github.com/vllm-project/vllm/security/advisories/GHSA-q8gq-377p-jq3r","https://huntr.com/bounties/dcb05b04-e625-41e7-adbc-bbae0cc2d64c","https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:36005","https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:36006"],"products":["vllm:vllm"],"source":"nvd","synced_at":"2026-10-25T23:44:33.281319194+00:00"},"epss":{"cve":"CVE-2026-41523","score":0.00913,"percentile":0.59822,"date":"2026-10-25"},"kev":null,"osv":[{"id":"GHSA-q8gq-377p-jq3r","url":"https://osv.dev/vulnerability/GHSA-q8gq-377p-jq3r","summary":"vLLM: Security Check Bypass via assert Statement in Activation Function Loading Allows Arbitrary Code Execution","modified":"2026-09-10T03:50:50.172404895Z","packages":[{"ecosystem":"PyPI","name":"vllm","purl":"pkg:pypi/vllm","ranges":["<0.22.0"],"fixed":["0.22.0"]}]},{"id":"PYSEC-2026-2300","url":"https://osv.dev/vulnerability/PYSEC-2026-2300","summary":"","modified":"2026-07-13T07:15:12.552873453Z","packages":[{"ecosystem":"PyPI","name":"vllm","purl":"pkg:pypi/vllm","ranges":["<0.22.0"],"fixed":["0.22.0"]}]}],"attribution":["This product uses the NVD API but is not endorsed or certified by the NVD.","EPSS scores: FIRST Exploit Prediction Scoring System, https://www.first.org/epss","Known exploited vulnerabilities: CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities Catalog, https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog","Package advisories: OSV (https://osv.dev), from the GitHub Advisory Database, PyPA, Go, RustSec and other ecosystem databases, under CC-BY 4.0 or CC0","CVE records: the CVE Program's CVE List (https://www.cve.org), under its terms of use (https://www.cve.org/Legal/TermsOfUse). CVE is a registered trademark of The MITRE Corporation; this product is not affiliated with the CVE Program."]}