{"cve":"CVE-2026-33496","nvd":{"published":"2026-03-26T18:16:30.730","modified":"2026-06-17T10:37:36.037","status":"Analyzed","description":"ORY Oathkeeper is an Identity & Access Proxy (IAP) and Access Control Decision API that authorizes HTTP requests based on sets of Access Rules. Versions prior to 26.2.0 are  vulnerable to authentication bypass due to cache key confusion. The `oauth2_introspection` authenticator cache does not distinguish tokens that were validated with different introspection URLs. An attacker can therefore legitimately use a token to prime the cache, and subsequently use the same token for rules that use a different introspection server. Ory Oathkeeper has to be configured with multiple `oauth2_introspection` authenticator servers, each accepting different tokens. The authenticators also must be configured to use caching. An attacker has to have a way to gain a valid token for one of the configured introspection servers. Starting in version 26.2.0, Ory Oathkeeper includes the introspection server URL in the cache key, preventing confusion of tokens. Update to the patched version of Ory Oathkeeper. If that is not immediately possible, disable caching for `oauth2_introspection` authenticators.","cvss_v4":null,"cvss_v3":{"version":"3.1","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N","score":8.1},"cwes":["CWE-305","CWE-1289"],"references":["https://github.com/ory/oathkeeper/commit/198a2bc82a99e0a77bd0ffe290cbdd5285a1b17c","https://github.com/ory/oathkeeper/security/advisories/GHSA-4mq7-pvjg-xp2r"],"products":["ory:oathkeeper"],"source":"nvd","synced_at":"2026-10-19T22:28:18.033120106+00:00"},"epss":{"cve":"CVE-2026-33496","score":0.00384,"percentile":0.32524,"date":"2026-10-31"},"kev":null,"osv":[{"id":"GHSA-4mq7-pvjg-xp2r","url":"https://osv.dev/vulnerability/GHSA-4mq7-pvjg-xp2r","summary":"Ory Oathkeeper has an authentication bypass by cache key confusion","modified":"2026-03-27T21:18:57.164490Z","packages":[{"ecosystem":"Go","name":"github.com/ory/oathkeeper","purl":"pkg:golang/github.com/ory/oathkeeper","ranges":["<0.40.10-0.20260320084801-198a2bc82a99"],"fixed":["0.40.10-0.20260320084801-198a2bc82a99"]}]},{"id":"GO-2026-4799","url":"https://osv.dev/vulnerability/GO-2026-4799","summary":"Ory Oathkeeper has an authentication bypass by cache key confusion in github.com/ory/oathkeeper","modified":"2026-03-23T18:45:21.263437Z","packages":[{"ecosystem":"Go","name":"github.com/ory/oathkeeper","purl":"pkg:golang/github.com/ory/oathkeeper","ranges":["<0.40.10-0.20260320084801-198a2bc82a99"],"fixed":["0.40.10-0.20260320084801-198a2bc82a99"]}]}],"attribution":["This product uses the NVD API but is not endorsed or certified by the NVD.","EPSS scores: FIRST Exploit Prediction Scoring System, https://www.first.org/epss","Known exploited vulnerabilities: CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities Catalog, https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog","Package advisories: OSV (https://osv.dev), from the GitHub Advisory Database, PyPA, Go, RustSec and other ecosystem databases, under CC-BY 4.0 or CC0","CVE records: the CVE Program's CVE List (https://www.cve.org), under its terms of use (https://www.cve.org/Legal/TermsOfUse). CVE is a registered trademark of The MITRE Corporation; this product is not affiliated with the CVE Program."]}