{"cve":"CVE-2026-18477","nvd":{"published":"2026-08-03T17:16:33.897","modified":"2026-10-30T19:18:23.100","status":"Modified","description":"A TOCTOU (Time-of-Check Time-of-Use) vulnerability in GNU tar's incremental dumpdir 'X' rename handling allows a local attacker with write access to a directory being backed up to influence the restore process if the attacker has access to the system where the restore is being performed. During restoration, files or directories may be created, renamed or overwritten outside the intended extraction directory. This could lead to unauthorized file modification or, in some cases, privilege escalation. Exploitation does not require the attacker to modify or craft the archive, and standard backup and restore workflows—including extracting into a newly created directory without using the -P option do not mitigate the issue.","cvss_v4":null,"cvss_v3":{"version":"3.1","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N","score":4.4},"cwes":["CWE-367"],"references":["https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:49361","https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:61581","https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:61586","https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:61783","https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:66018"],"products":["gnu:tar","redhat:enterprise_linux","redhat:openshift_container_platform"],"source":"nvd","synced_at":"2026-10-30T19:40:38.187835185+00:00"},"epss":{"cve":"CVE-2026-18477","score":0.0008,"percentile":0.00147,"date":"2026-10-30"},"kev":null,"osv":[],"attribution":["This product uses the NVD API but is not endorsed or certified by the NVD.","EPSS scores: FIRST Exploit Prediction Scoring System, https://www.first.org/epss","Known exploited vulnerabilities: CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities Catalog, https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog","Package advisories: OSV (https://osv.dev), from the GitHub Advisory Database, PyPA, Go, RustSec and other ecosystem databases, under CC-BY 4.0 or CC0","CVE records: the CVE Program's CVE List (https://www.cve.org), under its terms of use (https://www.cve.org/Legal/TermsOfUse). CVE is a registered trademark of The MITRE Corporation; this product is not affiliated with the CVE Program."]}