{"cve":"CVE-2025-69203","nvd":{"published":"2026-01-01T19:15:54.067","modified":"2026-10-07T11:10:00.153","status":"Analyzed","description":"Signal K Server is a server application that runs on a central hub in a boat. Versions prior to 2.19.0 of the access request system have two related features that when combined by themselves and with an information disclosure vulnerability enable convincing social engineering attacks against administrators. When a device creates an access request, it specifies three fields: `clientId`, `description`, and `permissions`. The SignalK admin UI displays the `description` field prominently to the administrator when showing pending requests, but the actual `permissions` field (which determines the access level granted) is less visible or displayed separately. This allows an attacker to request `admin` permissions while providing a description that suggests readonly access. The access request handler trusts the `X-Forwarded-For` HTTP header without validation to determine the client's IP address. This header is intended to preserve the original client IP when requests pass through reverse proxies, but when trusted unconditionally, it allows attackers to spoof their IP address. The spoofed IP is displayed to administrators in the access request approval interface, potentially making malicious requests appear to originate from trusted internal network addresses. Since device/source names can be enumerated via the information disclosure vulnerability, an attacker can impersonate a legitimate device or source, craft a convincing description, spoof a trusted internal IP address, and request elevated permissions, creating a highly convincing social engineering scenario that increases the likelihood of administrator approval. Users should upgrade to version 2.19.0 to fix this issue.","cvss_v4":null,"cvss_v3":{"version":"3.1","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H","score":8.8},"cwes":["CWE-290"],"references":["https://github.com/SignalK/signalk-server/releases/tag/v2.19.0","https://github.com/SignalK/signalk-server/security/advisories/GHSA-vfrf-vcj7-wvr8"],"products":["signalk:signal_k_server"],"source":"nvd","synced_at":"2026-10-19T22:18:08.089039631+00:00"},"epss":{"cve":"CVE-2025-69203","score":0.00303,"percentile":0.22809,"date":"2026-10-25"},"kev":null,"osv":[{"id":"GHSA-vfrf-vcj7-wvr8","url":"https://osv.dev/vulnerability/GHSA-vfrf-vcj7-wvr8","summary":"Signal K Server Vulnerable to Access Request Spoofing","modified":"2026-02-03T03:14:42.459650Z","packages":[{"ecosystem":"npm","name":"signalk-server","purl":"pkg:npm/signalk-server","ranges":["<2.19.0"],"fixed":["2.19.0"]}]}],"attribution":["This product uses the NVD API but is not endorsed or certified by the NVD.","EPSS scores: FIRST Exploit Prediction Scoring System, https://www.first.org/epss","Known exploited vulnerabilities: CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities Catalog, https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog","Package advisories: OSV (https://osv.dev), from the GitHub Advisory Database, PyPA, Go, RustSec and other ecosystem databases, under CC-BY 4.0 or CC0","CVE records: the CVE Program's CVE List (https://www.cve.org), under its terms of use (https://www.cve.org/Legal/TermsOfUse). CVE is a registered trademark of The MITRE Corporation; this product is not affiliated with the CVE Program."]}