{"cve":"CVE-2025-61927","nvd":{"published":"2025-10-10T20:15:38.430","modified":"2026-10-08T13:10:00.200","status":"Deferred","description":"Happy DOM is a JavaScript implementation of a web browser without its graphical user interface. Happy DOM v19 and lower contains a security vulnerability that puts the owner system at the risk of RCE (Remote Code Execution) attacks. A Node.js VM Context is not an isolated environment, and if the user runs untrusted JavaScript code within the Happy DOM VM Context, it may escape the VM and get access to process level functionality. It seems like what the attacker can get control over depends on if the process is using ESM or CommonJS. With CommonJS the attacker can get hold of the `require()` function to import modules. Happy DOM has JavaScript evaluation enabled by default. This may not be obvious to the consumer of Happy DOM and can potentially put the user at risk if untrusted code is executed within the environment. Version 20.0.0 patches the issue by changing JavaScript evaluation to be disabled by default.","cvss_v4":{"vector":"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:H/UI:A/VC:L/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H","score":7.2},"cvss_v3":null,"cwes":["CWE-94"],"references":["https://github.com/capricorn86/happy-dom/commit/819d15ba289495439eda8be360d92a614ce22405","https://github.com/capricorn86/happy-dom/security/advisories/GHSA-37j7-fg3j-429f"],"products":[],"source":"nvd","synced_at":"2026-10-19T22:11:26.888974865+00:00"},"epss":{"cve":"CVE-2025-61927","score":0.00642,"percentile":0.5048,"date":"2026-10-25"},"kev":null,"osv":[{"id":"GHSA-37j7-fg3j-429f","url":"https://osv.dev/vulnerability/GHSA-37j7-fg3j-429f","summary":"Happy DOM: VM Context Escape can lead to Remote Code Execution","modified":"2025-10-13T15:48:53Z","packages":[{"ecosystem":"npm","name":"happy-dom","purl":"pkg:npm/happy-dom","ranges":["<20.0.0"],"fixed":["20.0.0"]}]}],"attribution":["This product uses the NVD API but is not endorsed or certified by the NVD.","EPSS scores: FIRST Exploit Prediction Scoring System, https://www.first.org/epss","Known exploited vulnerabilities: CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities Catalog, https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog","Package advisories: OSV (https://osv.dev), from the GitHub Advisory Database, PyPA, Go, RustSec and other ecosystem databases, under CC-BY 4.0 or CC0","CVE records: the CVE Program's CVE List (https://www.cve.org), under its terms of use (https://www.cve.org/Legal/TermsOfUse). CVE is a registered trademark of The MITRE Corporation; this product is not affiliated with the CVE Program."]}