{"cve":"CVE-2025-59154","nvd":{"published":"2025-09-15T20:15:39.237","modified":"2026-06-17T09:45:38.193","status":"Deferred","description":"Openfire is an XMPP server licensed under the Open Source Apache License. Openfire’s SASL EXTERNAL mechanism for client TLS authentication contains a vulnerability in how it extracts user identities from X.509 certificates. Instead of parsing the structured ASN.1 data, the code calls X509Certificate.getSubjectDN().getName() and applies a regex to look for CN=. This method produces a provider-dependent string that does not escape special characters. In SunJSSE (sun.security.x509.X500Name), for example, commas and equals signs inside attribute values are not escaped. As a result, a malicious certificate can embed CN= inside another attribute value (e.g. OU=\"CN=admin,\"). The regex will incorrectly interpret this as a legitimate Common Name and extract admin. If SASL EXTERNAL is enabled and configured to map CNs to user accounts, this allows the attacker to impersonate another user. The fix is included in Openfire 5.0.2 and 5.1.0.","cvss_v4":null,"cvss_v3":{"version":"3.1","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N","score":5.9},"cwes":["CWE-290"],"references":["https://github.com/igniterealtime/Openfire/blob/8d073dda36905da0fdee7cb623c025a01a5cbf6b/xmppserver/src/main/java/org/jivesoftware/util/cert/CNCertificateIdentityMapping.java#L43","https://github.com/igniterealtime/Openfire/security/advisories/GHSA-w252-645g-87mp","https://igniterealtime.atlassian.net/browse/OF-3122","https://igniterealtime.atlassian.net/browse/OF-3123","https://igniterealtime.atlassian.net/browse/OF-3124"],"products":[],"source":"nvd","synced_at":"2026-10-19T22:08:41.295252406+00:00"},"epss":{"cve":"CVE-2025-59154","score":0.00234,"percentile":0.1436,"date":"2026-10-31"},"kev":null,"osv":[{"id":"GHSA-w252-645g-87mp","url":"https://osv.dev/vulnerability/GHSA-w252-645g-87mp","summary":"Openfire has potential identity spoofing issue via unsafe CN parsing","modified":"2025-09-16T02:29:44.549143Z","packages":[{"ecosystem":"Maven","name":"org.igniterealtime.openfire:xmppserver","purl":"pkg:maven/org.igniterealtime.openfire/xmppserver","ranges":["<5.0.2"],"fixed":["5.0.2"]}]}],"attribution":["This product uses the NVD API but is not endorsed or certified by the NVD.","EPSS scores: FIRST Exploit Prediction Scoring System, https://www.first.org/epss","Known exploited vulnerabilities: CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities Catalog, https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog","Package advisories: OSV (https://osv.dev), from the GitHub Advisory Database, PyPA, Go, RustSec and other ecosystem databases, under CC-BY 4.0 or CC0","CVE records: the CVE Program's CVE List (https://www.cve.org), under its terms of use (https://www.cve.org/Legal/TermsOfUse). CVE is a registered trademark of The MITRE Corporation; this product is not affiliated with the CVE Program."]}