{"cve":"CVE-2025-58447","nvd":{"published":"2025-09-09T23:15:36.497","modified":"2026-10-19T17:10:00.173","status":"Analyzed","description":"rAthena is an open-source cross-platform massively multiplayer online role playing game (MMORPG) server. Versions prior to commit 2f5248b have a heap-based buffer overflow in the login server, remote attacker to overwrite adjacent session fields by sending a crafted `CA_SSO_LOGIN_REQ` with an oversized token length. This leads to immediate denial of service (crash) and it is possible to achieve remote code execution via heap corruption. Commit 2f5248b fixes the issue.","cvss_v4":null,"cvss_v3":{"version":"3.1","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H","score":9.8},"cwes":["CWE-787","CWE-122"],"references":["https://github.com/rathena/rathena/commit/2f5248b9cd9a8c6b42422ddecfc4cc2cd0e69e4b","https://github.com/rathena/rathena/security/advisories/GHSA-4p33-6xqr-cm6x"],"products":["rathena:rathena"],"source":"nvd","synced_at":"2026-10-19T22:08:41.295252406+00:00"},"epss":{"cve":"CVE-2025-58447","score":0.00878,"percentile":0.58789,"date":"2026-10-25"},"kev":null,"osv":[],"attribution":["This product uses the NVD API but is not endorsed or certified by the NVD.","EPSS scores: FIRST Exploit Prediction Scoring System, https://www.first.org/epss","Known exploited vulnerabilities: CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities Catalog, https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog","Package advisories: OSV (https://osv.dev), from the GitHub Advisory Database, PyPA, Go, RustSec and other ecosystem databases, under CC-BY 4.0 or CC0","CVE records: the CVE Program's CVE List (https://www.cve.org), under its terms of use (https://www.cve.org/Legal/TermsOfUse). CVE is a registered trademark of The MITRE Corporation; this product is not affiliated with the CVE Program."]}