{"cve":"CVE-2025-54426","nvd":{"published":"2025-07-28T21:15:26.887","modified":"2026-06-17T09:40:05.053","status":"Deferred","description":"Polkadot Frontier is an Ethereum and EVM compatibility layer for Polkadot and Substrate. In versions prior to commit 36f70d1, the Curve25519Add and Curve25519ScalarMul precompiles incorrectly handle invalid Ristretto point representations. Instead of returning an error, they silently treat invalid input bytes as the Ristretto identity element, leading to potentially incorrect cryptographic results. This is fixed in commit 36f70d1.","cvss_v4":{"vector":"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:H/SA:N","score":9.9},"cvss_v3":null,"cwes":["CWE-327"],"references":["https://dotpal.io/assets/files/frontier-srlabs-2505-718c3bfa5df9fed1862fed05de506859.pdf","https://github.com/polkadot-evm/frontier/commit/36f70d1defcaeaed5a453015f6c98c21bb5b121b","https://github.com/polkadot-evm/frontier/pull/1720/commits/8ed6053fb868495477ba2409f7e64f439df76f96","https://github.com/polkadot-evm/frontier/security/advisories/GHSA-v4q3-23rh-w5mw"],"products":[],"source":"nvd","synced_at":"2026-10-19T22:05:46.678065081+00:00"},"epss":{"cve":"CVE-2025-54426","score":0.00367,"percentile":0.3053,"date":"2026-11-01"},"kev":null,"osv":[],"attribution":["This product uses the NVD API but is not endorsed or certified by the NVD.","EPSS scores: FIRST Exploit Prediction Scoring System, https://www.first.org/epss","Known exploited vulnerabilities: CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities Catalog, https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog","Package advisories: OSV (https://osv.dev), from the GitHub Advisory Database, PyPA, Go, RustSec and other ecosystem databases, under CC-BY 4.0 or CC0","CVE records: the CVE Program's CVE List (https://www.cve.org), under its terms of use (https://www.cve.org/Legal/TermsOfUse). CVE is a registered trademark of The MITRE Corporation; this product is not affiliated with the CVE Program."]}