{"cve":"CVE-2025-46560","nvd":{"published":"2025-04-30T01:15:52.097","modified":"2026-06-17T09:26:37.837","status":"Analyzed","description":"vLLM is a high-throughput and memory-efficient inference and serving engine for LLMs. Versions starting from 0.8.0 and prior to 0.8.5 are affected by a critical performance vulnerability in the input preprocessing logic of the multimodal tokenizer. The code dynamically replaces placeholder tokens (e.g., <|audio_|>, <|image_|>) with repeated tokens based on precomputed lengths. Due to ​​inefficient list concatenation operations​​, the algorithm exhibits ​​quadratic time complexity (O(n²))​​, allowing malicious actors to trigger resource exhaustion via specially crafted inputs. This issue has been patched in version 0.8.5.","cvss_v4":null,"cvss_v3":{"version":"3.1","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H","score":7.5},"cwes":["CWE-1333"],"references":["https://github.com/vllm-project/vllm/blob/8cac35ba435906fb7eb07e44fe1a8c26e8744f4e/vllm/model_executor/models/phi4mm.py#L1182-L1197","https://github.com/vllm-project/vllm/security/advisories/GHSA-vc6m-hm49-g9qg","https://github.com/vllm-project/vllm/security/advisories/GHSA-vc6m-hm49-g9qg"],"products":["vllm:vllm"],"source":"nvd","synced_at":"2026-10-19T22:01:11.054312287+00:00"},"epss":{"cve":"CVE-2025-46560","score":0.00533,"percentile":0.45033,"date":"2026-10-31"},"kev":null,"osv":[{"id":"GHSA-vc6m-hm49-g9qg","url":"https://osv.dev/vulnerability/GHSA-vc6m-hm49-g9qg","summary":"vLLM: Quadratic Time Complexity in Input Token Processing​ leads to denial of service","modified":"2026-08-07T08:12:13.536675872Z","packages":[{"ecosystem":"PyPI","name":"vllm","purl":"pkg:pypi/vllm","ranges":[">=0.8.0 <0.8.5"],"fixed":["0.8.5"]}]},{"id":"PYSEC-2026-2022","url":"https://osv.dev/vulnerability/PYSEC-2026-2022","summary":"phi4mm: Quadratic Time Complexity in Input Token Processing​ leads to denial of service","modified":"2026-07-07T17:48:17.648653736Z","packages":[{"ecosystem":"PyPI","name":"vllm","purl":"pkg:pypi/vllm","ranges":[">=0.8.0 <0.8.5"],"fixed":["0.8.5"]}]}],"attribution":["This product uses the NVD API but is not endorsed or certified by the NVD.","EPSS scores: FIRST Exploit Prediction Scoring System, https://www.first.org/epss","Known exploited vulnerabilities: CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities Catalog, https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog","Package advisories: OSV (https://osv.dev), from the GitHub Advisory Database, PyPA, Go, RustSec and other ecosystem databases, under CC-BY 4.0 or CC0","CVE records: the CVE Program's CVE List (https://www.cve.org), under its terms of use (https://www.cve.org/Legal/TermsOfUse). CVE is a registered trademark of The MITRE Corporation; this product is not affiliated with the CVE Program."]}