{"cve":"CVE-2025-44040","nvd":{"published":"2025-05-21T21:16:03.263","modified":"2026-06-17T09:24:57.000","status":"Modified","description":"An issue in OrangeHRM v.5.7 allows an attacker to escalate privileges via UserService.php and the checkForOldHash function. Authentication decisions may be made via PHP loose-equality comparisons if a specific MD5 value is present in the credential store. NOTE: this is disputed by the Supplier because an adversary has no way to place the specific MD5 value into the credential store (unless they already have full privileges) and because the specific MD5 value would not realistically be present otherwise.","cvss_v4":null,"cvss_v3":{"version":"3.1","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H","score":7.2},"cwes":["CWE-269"],"references":["https://github.com/hexomedin3/advisories/tree/main/CVE-2025-44040","https://github.com/orangehrm/orangehrm/releases/tag/v5.7"],"products":["orangehrm:orangehrm"],"source":"nvd","synced_at":"2026-10-19T22:01:57.636215869+00:00"},"epss":{"cve":"CVE-2025-44040","score":0.00463,"percentile":0.40145,"date":"2026-10-31"},"kev":null,"osv":[],"attribution":["This product uses the NVD API but is not endorsed or certified by the NVD.","EPSS scores: FIRST Exploit Prediction Scoring System, https://www.first.org/epss","Known exploited vulnerabilities: CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities Catalog, https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog","Package advisories: OSV (https://osv.dev), from the GitHub Advisory Database, PyPA, Go, RustSec and other ecosystem databases, under CC-BY 4.0 or CC0","CVE records: the CVE Program's CVE List (https://www.cve.org), under its terms of use (https://www.cve.org/Legal/TermsOfUse). CVE is a registered trademark of The MITRE Corporation; this product is not affiliated with the CVE Program."]}