{"cve":"CVE-2025-4228","nvd":{"published":"2025-06-13T00:15:23.233","modified":"2026-06-17T09:32:48.823","status":"Deferred","description":"An incorrect privilege assignment vulnerability in Palo Alto Networks Cortex® XDR Broker VM allows an authenticated administrative user to execute certain files available within the Broker VM and escalate their privileges to root.","cvss_v4":{"vector":"CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/AU:N/R:U/V:D/RE:M/U:Amber","score":4.6},"cvss_v3":null,"cwes":["CWE-266"],"references":["https://security.paloaltonetworks.com/CVE-2025-4228"],"products":[],"source":"nvd","synced_at":"2026-10-19T22:02:23.998251710+00:00"},"epss":{"cve":"CVE-2025-4228","score":0.00188,"percentile":0.08505,"date":"2026-10-31"},"kev":null,"osv":[],"attribution":["This product uses the NVD API but is not endorsed or certified by the NVD.","EPSS scores: FIRST Exploit Prediction Scoring System, https://www.first.org/epss","Known exploited vulnerabilities: CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities Catalog, https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog","Package advisories: OSV (https://osv.dev), from the GitHub Advisory Database, PyPA, Go, RustSec and other ecosystem databases, under CC-BY 4.0 or CC0","CVE records: the CVE Program's CVE List (https://www.cve.org), under its terms of use (https://www.cve.org/Legal/TermsOfUse). CVE is a registered trademark of The MITRE Corporation; this product is not affiliated with the CVE Program."]}