{"cve":"CVE-2025-37731","nvd":{"published":"2025-12-15T11:15:39.707","modified":"2026-10-07T19:10:00.160","status":"Analyzed","description":"Improper Authentication in Elasticsearch PKI realm can lead to user impersonation via specially crafted client certificates. A malicious actor would need to have such a crafted client certificate signed by a legitimate, trusted Certificate Authority.","cvss_v4":null,"cvss_v3":{"version":"3.1","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N","score":7.4},"cwes":["CWE-287"],"references":["https://discuss.elastic.co/t/elasticsearch-8-19-8-9-1-8-and-9-2-2-security-update-esa-2025-27/384063"],"products":["elastic:elasticsearch"],"source":"nvd","synced_at":"2026-10-19T22:17:07.138532058+00:00"},"epss":{"cve":"CVE-2025-37731","score":0.00192,"percentile":0.08724,"date":"2026-10-25"},"kev":null,"osv":[{"id":"GHSA-m9gh-789g-q5pv","url":"https://osv.dev/vulnerability/GHSA-m9gh-789g-q5pv","summary":"Elasticsearch PKI Realm Authentication Bypass Vulnerability Allows User Impersonation Through Crafted Client Certificates","modified":"2026-09-25T17:45:05.048500029Z","packages":[{"ecosystem":"Maven","name":"org.elasticsearch.plugin:x-pack-security","purl":"pkg:maven/org.elasticsearch.plugin/x-pack-security","ranges":[">=7.0.0-alpha1 <8.19.8"],"fixed":["8.19.8"]},{"ecosystem":"Maven","name":"org.elasticsearch.plugin:x-pack-security","purl":"pkg:maven/org.elasticsearch.plugin/x-pack-security","ranges":[">=9.0.0-beta1 <9.1.8"],"fixed":["9.1.8"]},{"ecosystem":"Maven","name":"org.elasticsearch.plugin:x-pack-security","purl":"pkg:maven/org.elasticsearch.plugin/x-pack-security","ranges":[">=9.2.0 <9.2.2"],"fixed":["9.2.2"]},{"ecosystem":"Maven","name":"org.elasticsearch.plugin:x-pack-core","purl":"pkg:maven/org.elasticsearch.plugin/x-pack-core","ranges":[">=7.0.0-alpha1 <8.19.8"],"fixed":["8.19.8"]},{"ecosystem":"Maven","name":"org.elasticsearch.plugin:x-pack-core","purl":"pkg:maven/org.elasticsearch.plugin/x-pack-core","ranges":[">=9.0.0-beta1 <9.1.8"],"fixed":["9.1.8"]},{"ecosystem":"Maven","name":"org.elasticsearch.plugin:x-pack-core","purl":"pkg:maven/org.elasticsearch.plugin/x-pack-core","ranges":[">=9.2.0 <9.2.2"],"fixed":["9.2.2"]}]}],"attribution":["This product uses the NVD API but is not endorsed or certified by the NVD.","EPSS scores: FIRST Exploit Prediction Scoring System, https://www.first.org/epss","Known exploited vulnerabilities: CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities Catalog, https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog","Package advisories: OSV (https://osv.dev), from the GitHub Advisory Database, PyPA, Go, RustSec and other ecosystem databases, under CC-BY 4.0 or CC0","CVE records: the CVE Program's CVE List (https://www.cve.org), under its terms of use (https://www.cve.org/Legal/TermsOfUse). CVE is a registered trademark of The MITRE Corporation; this product is not affiliated with the CVE Program."]}