{"cve":"CVE-2025-27610","nvd":{"published":"2025-03-10T23:15:35.073","modified":"2026-06-17T09:03:54.450","status":"Modified","description":"Rack provides an interface for developing web applications in Ruby. Prior to versions 2.2.13, 3.0.14, and 3.1.12, `Rack::Static` can serve files under the specified `root:` even if `urls:` are provided, which may expose other files under the specified `root:` unexpectedly. The vulnerability occurs because `Rack::Static` does not properly sanitize user-supplied paths before serving files. Specifically, encoded path traversal sequences are not correctly validated, allowing attackers to access files outside the designated static file directory. By exploiting this vulnerability, an attacker can gain access to all files under the specified `root:` directory, provided they are able to determine then path of the file. Versions 2.2.13, 3.0.14, and 3.1.12 contain a patch for the issue. Other mitigations include removing usage of `Rack::Static`, or ensuring that `root:` points at a directory path which only contains files which should be accessed publicly. It is likely that a CDN or similar static file server would also mitigate the issue.","cvss_v4":null,"cvss_v3":{"version":"3.1","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N","score":7.5},"cwes":["CWE-23"],"references":["https://github.com/rack/rack/commit/50caab74fa01ee8f5dbdee7bb2782126d20c6583","https://github.com/rack/rack/security/advisories/GHSA-7wqh-767x-r66v","https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/03/msg00016.html"],"products":["rack:rack"],"source":"nvd","synced_at":"2026-10-19T22:00:17.429720821+00:00"},"epss":{"cve":"CVE-2025-27610","score":0.01173,"percentile":0.67504,"date":"2026-11-01"},"kev":null,"osv":[{"id":"GHSA-7wqh-767x-r66v","url":"https://osv.dev/vulnerability/GHSA-7wqh-767x-r66v","summary":"Local File Inclusion in Rack::Static","modified":"2026-09-10T03:49:48.459827132Z","packages":[{"ecosystem":"RubyGems","name":"rack","purl":"pkg:gem/rack","ranges":["<2.2.13"],"fixed":["2.2.13"]},{"ecosystem":"RubyGems","name":"rack","purl":"pkg:gem/rack","ranges":[">=3.0 <3.0.14"],"fixed":["3.0.14"]},{"ecosystem":"RubyGems","name":"rack","purl":"pkg:gem/rack","ranges":[">=3.1 <3.1.12"],"fixed":["3.1.12"]}]}],"attribution":["This product uses the NVD API but is not endorsed or certified by the NVD.","EPSS scores: FIRST Exploit Prediction Scoring System, https://www.first.org/epss","Known exploited vulnerabilities: CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities Catalog, https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog","Package advisories: OSV (https://osv.dev), from the GitHub Advisory Database, PyPA, Go, RustSec and other ecosystem databases, under CC-BY 4.0 or CC0","CVE records: the CVE Program's CVE List (https://www.cve.org), under its terms of use (https://www.cve.org/Legal/TermsOfUse). CVE is a registered trademark of The MITRE Corporation; this product is not affiliated with the CVE Program."]}