{"cve":"CVE-2025-27144","nvd":{"published":"2025-02-24T23:15:11.427","modified":"2026-06-17T09:03:05.677","status":"Deferred","description":"Go JOSE provides an implementation of the Javascript Object Signing and Encryption set of standards in Go, including support for JSON Web Encryption (JWE), JSON Web Signature (JWS), and JSON Web Token (JWT) standards. In versions on the 4.x branch prior to version 4.0.5, when parsing compact JWS or JWE input, Go JOSE could use excessive memory. The code used strings.Split(token, \".\") to split JWT tokens, which is vulnerable to excessive memory consumption when processing maliciously crafted tokens with a large number of `.` characters.  An attacker could exploit this by sending numerous malformed tokens, leading to memory exhaustion and a Denial of Service. Version 4.0.5 fixes this issue. As a workaround, applications could pre-validate that payloads passed to Go JOSE do not contain an excessive number of `.` characters.","cvss_v4":{"vector":"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:U","score":6.6},"cvss_v3":null,"cwes":["CWE-770"],"references":["https://github.com/go-jose/go-jose/commit/99b346cec4e86d102284642c5dcbe9bb0cacfc22","https://github.com/go-jose/go-jose/releases/tag/v4.0.5","https://github.com/go-jose/go-jose/security/advisories/GHSA-c6gw-w398-hv78"],"products":[],"source":"nvd","synced_at":"2026-10-19T21:59:48.811064707+00:00"},"epss":{"cve":"CVE-2025-27144","score":0.00399,"percentile":0.34177,"date":"2026-11-01"},"kev":null,"osv":[{"id":"GHSA-c6gw-w398-hv78","url":"https://osv.dev/vulnerability/GHSA-c6gw-w398-hv78","summary":"DoS in go-jose Parsing","modified":"2026-09-10T03:50:22.593784301Z","packages":[{"ecosystem":"Go","name":"github.com/go-jose/go-jose/v4","purl":"pkg:golang/github.com/go-jose/go-jose/v4","ranges":["<4.0.5"],"fixed":["4.0.5"]},{"ecosystem":"Go","name":"github.com/go-jose/go-jose/v3","purl":"pkg:golang/github.com/go-jose/go-jose/v3","ranges":["<3.0.4"],"fixed":["3.0.4"]},{"ecosystem":"Go","name":"github.com/go-jose/go-jose","purl":"pkg:golang/github.com/go-jose/go-jose","ranges":["<3.0.4"],"fixed":["3.0.4"]}]},{"id":"GO-2025-3485","url":"https://osv.dev/vulnerability/GO-2025-3485","summary":"DoS in go-jose Parsing in github.com/go-jose/go-jose","modified":"2026-02-04T02:24:07.473820Z","packages":[{"ecosystem":"Go","name":"github.com/go-jose/go-jose","purl":"pkg:golang/github.com/go-jose/go-jose","ranges":["all versions"],"fixed":[]},{"ecosystem":"Go","name":"github.com/go-jose/go-jose/v3","purl":"pkg:golang/github.com/go-jose/go-jose/v3","ranges":["<3.0.4"],"fixed":["3.0.4"]},{"ecosystem":"Go","name":"github.com/go-jose/go-jose/v4","purl":"pkg:golang/github.com/go-jose/go-jose/v4","ranges":["<4.0.5"],"fixed":["4.0.5"]},{"ecosystem":"Go","name":"github.com/square/go-jose","purl":"pkg:golang/github.com/square/go-jose","ranges":["all versions"],"fixed":[]}]}],"attribution":["This product uses the NVD API but is not endorsed or certified by the NVD.","EPSS scores: FIRST Exploit Prediction Scoring System, https://www.first.org/epss","Known exploited vulnerabilities: CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities Catalog, https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog","Package advisories: OSV (https://osv.dev), from the GitHub Advisory Database, PyPA, Go, RustSec and other ecosystem databases, under CC-BY 4.0 or CC0","CVE records: the CVE Program's CVE List (https://www.cve.org), under its terms of use (https://www.cve.org/Legal/TermsOfUse). CVE is a registered trademark of The MITRE Corporation; this product is not affiliated with the CVE Program."]}