{"cve":"CVE-2025-25293","nvd":{"published":"2025-03-12T21:15:42.363","modified":"2026-06-17T09:00:37.887","status":"Modified","description":"ruby-saml provides security assertion markup language (SAML) single sign-on (SSO) for Ruby. Prior to versions 1.12.4 and 1.18.0, ruby-saml is susceptible to remote Denial of Service (DoS) with compressed SAML responses. ruby-saml uses zlib to decompress SAML responses in case they're compressed. It is possible to bypass the message size check with a compressed assertion since the message size is checked before inflation and not after. This issue may lead to remote Denial of Service (DoS). Versions 1.12.4 and 1.18.0 fix the issue.","cvss_v4":{"vector":"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P","score":7.7},"cvss_v3":{"version":"3.1","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H","score":7.5},"cwes":["CWE-400"],"references":["https://about.gitlab.com/releases/2025/03/12/patch-release-gitlab-17-9-2-released","https://github.blog/security/sign-in-as-anyone-bypassing-saml-sso-authentication-with-parser-differentials","https://github.com/SAML-Toolkits/ruby-saml/commit/acac9e9cc0b9a507882c614f25d41f8b47be349a","https://github.com/SAML-Toolkits/ruby-saml/commit/e2da4c6dae7dc01a4d9cd221395140a67e2b3eb1","https://github.com/SAML-Toolkits/ruby-saml/releases/tag/v1.12.4"],"products":["omniauth:omniauth_saml","onelogin:ruby-saml"],"source":"nvd","synced_at":"2026-10-19T22:00:17.429720821+00:00"},"epss":{"cve":"CVE-2025-25293","score":0.01528,"percentile":0.74728,"date":"2026-10-31"},"kev":null,"osv":[{"id":"GHSA-92rq-c8cf-prrq","url":"https://osv.dev/vulnerability/GHSA-92rq-c8cf-prrq","summary":"Ruby SAML allows remote Denial of Service (DoS) with compressed SAML responses","modified":"2026-02-04T04:10:40.237241Z","packages":[{"ecosystem":"RubyGems","name":"ruby-saml","purl":"pkg:gem/ruby-saml","ranges":["<1.12.4"],"fixed":["1.12.4"]},{"ecosystem":"RubyGems","name":"ruby-saml","purl":"pkg:gem/ruby-saml","ranges":[">=1.13.0 <1.18.0"],"fixed":["1.18.0"]}]}],"attribution":["This product uses the NVD API but is not endorsed or certified by the NVD.","EPSS scores: FIRST Exploit Prediction Scoring System, https://www.first.org/epss","Known exploited vulnerabilities: CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities Catalog, https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog","Package advisories: OSV (https://osv.dev), from the GitHub Advisory Database, PyPA, Go, RustSec and other ecosystem databases, under CC-BY 4.0 or CC0","CVE records: the CVE Program's CVE List (https://www.cve.org), under its terms of use (https://www.cve.org/Legal/TermsOfUse). CVE is a registered trademark of The MITRE Corporation; this product is not affiliated with the CVE Program."]}