{"cve":"CVE-2025-25292","nvd":{"published":"2025-03-12T21:15:42.177","modified":"2026-06-17T09:00:37.750","status":"Modified","description":"ruby-saml provides security assertion markup language (SAML) single sign-on (SSO) for Ruby. An authentication bypass vulnerability was found in ruby-saml prior to versions 1.12.4 and 1.18.0 due to a parser differential. ReXML and Nokogiri parse XML differently, the parsers can generate entirely different document structures from the same XML input. That allows an attacker to be able to execute a Signature Wrapping attack. This issue may lead to authentication bypass. Versions 1.12.4 and 1.18.0 contain a patch for the issue.","cvss_v4":{"vector":"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N","score":9.3},"cvss_v3":{"version":"3.1","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H","score":9.8},"cwes":["CWE-347","CWE-436"],"references":["https://about.gitlab.com/releases/2025/03/12/patch-release-gitlab-17-9-2-released","https://github.blog/security/sign-in-as-anyone-bypassing-saml-sso-authentication-with-parser-differentials","https://github.com/SAML-Toolkits/ruby-saml/commit/e76c5b36bac40aedbf1ba7ffaaf495be63328cd9","https://github.com/SAML-Toolkits/ruby-saml/commit/e9c1cdbd0f9afa467b585de279db0cbd0fb8ae97","https://github.com/SAML-Toolkits/ruby-saml/releases/tag/v1.12.4"],"products":["netapp:storagegrid","omniauth:omniauth_saml","onelogin:ruby-saml"],"source":"nvd","synced_at":"2026-10-19T22:00:17.429720821+00:00"},"epss":{"cve":"CVE-2025-25292","score":0.65086,"percentile":0.99252,"date":"2026-11-01"},"kev":null,"osv":[{"id":"GHSA-754f-8gm6-c4r2","url":"https://osv.dev/vulnerability/GHSA-754f-8gm6-c4r2","summary":"Ruby SAML allows a SAML authentication bypass due to namespace handling (parser differential)","modified":"2026-02-04T02:52:36.998732Z","packages":[{"ecosystem":"RubyGems","name":"ruby-saml","purl":"pkg:gem/ruby-saml","ranges":[">=1.13.0 <1.18.0"],"fixed":["1.18.0"]},{"ecosystem":"RubyGems","name":"ruby-saml","purl":"pkg:gem/ruby-saml","ranges":["<1.12.4"],"fixed":["1.12.4"]}]}],"attribution":["This product uses the NVD API but is not endorsed or certified by the NVD.","EPSS scores: FIRST Exploit Prediction Scoring System, https://www.first.org/epss","Known exploited vulnerabilities: CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities Catalog, https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog","Package advisories: OSV (https://osv.dev), from the GitHub Advisory Database, PyPA, Go, RustSec and other ecosystem databases, under CC-BY 4.0 or CC0","CVE records: the CVE Program's CVE List (https://www.cve.org), under its terms of use (https://www.cve.org/Legal/TermsOfUse). CVE is a registered trademark of The MITRE Corporation; this product is not affiliated with the CVE Program."]}