{"cve":"CVE-2025-22149","nvd":{"published":"2025-01-09T18:15:30.233","modified":"2026-06-17T08:45:21.110","status":"Deferred","description":"JWK Set (JSON Web Key Set) is a JWK and JWK Set Go implementation. Prior to 0.6.0, the project's provided HTTP client's local JWK Set cache should do a full replacement when the goroutine refreshes the remote JWK Set. The current behavior is to overwrite or append. This is a security issue for use cases that utilize the provided auto-caching HTTP client and where key removal from a JWK Set is equivalent to revocation. The affected auto-caching HTTP client was added in version v0.5.0 and fixed in v0.6.0. The only workaround would be to remove the provided auto-caching HTTP client and replace it with a custom implementation. This involves setting the HTTPClientStorageOptions.RefreshInterval to zero (or not specifying the value).","cvss_v4":{"vector":"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:P/PR:H/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:L/SA:N","score":2.1},"cvss_v3":null,"cwes":["CWE-672"],"references":["https://github.com/MicahParks/jwkset/commit/01db49a90f7f20c7fb39a699a2f19a7a5f379ed3","https://github.com/MicahParks/jwkset/issues/40","https://github.com/MicahParks/jwkset/security/advisories/GHSA-675f-rq2r-jw82","https://www.vicarius.io/vsociety/posts/cve-2025-22149-detect-jwkset-vulnerability-in-go-projects-1","https://www.vicarius.io/vsociety/posts/cve-2025-22149-mitigate-jwkset-vulnerability-in-go-projects"],"products":[],"source":"nvd","synced_at":"2026-10-19T21:58:20.756570362+00:00"},"epss":{"cve":"CVE-2025-22149","score":0.00555,"percentile":0.46358,"date":"2026-10-31"},"kev":null,"osv":[{"id":"GHSA-675f-rq2r-jw82","url":"https://osv.dev/vulnerability/GHSA-675f-rq2r-jw82","summary":"JWK Set's HTTP client only overwrites and appends JWK to local cache during refresh","modified":"2025-01-09T20:12:30.168789Z","packages":[{"ecosystem":"Go","name":"github.com/MicahParks/jwkset","purl":"pkg:golang/github.com/MicahParks/jwkset","ranges":[">=0.5.0 <0.6.0"],"fixed":["0.6.0"]}]},{"id":"GO-2025-3376","url":"https://osv.dev/vulnerability/GO-2025-3376","summary":"JWK Set's HTTP client only overwrites and appends JWK to local cache during refresh in github.com/MicahParks/jwkset","modified":"2026-03-03T04:56:11.703710Z","packages":[{"ecosystem":"Go","name":"github.com/MicahParks/jwkset","purl":"pkg:golang/github.com/MicahParks/jwkset","ranges":[">=0.5.0 <0.6.0"],"fixed":["0.6.0"]}]}],"attribution":["This product uses the NVD API but is not endorsed or certified by the NVD.","EPSS scores: FIRST Exploit Prediction Scoring System, https://www.first.org/epss","Known exploited vulnerabilities: CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities Catalog, https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog","Package advisories: OSV (https://osv.dev), from the GitHub Advisory Database, PyPA, Go, RustSec and other ecosystem databases, under CC-BY 4.0 or CC0","CVE records: the CVE Program's CVE List (https://www.cve.org), under its terms of use (https://www.cve.org/Legal/TermsOfUse). CVE is a registered trademark of The MITRE Corporation; this product is not affiliated with the CVE Program."]}