{"cve":"CVE-2025-1550","nvd":{"published":"2025-03-11T09:15:25.217","modified":"2026-06-17T08:39:21.253","status":"Analyzed","description":"The Keras Model.load_model function permits arbitrary code execution, even with safe_mode=True, through a manually constructed, malicious .keras archive. By altering the config.json file within the archive, an attacker can specify arbitrary Python modules and functions, along with their arguments, to be loaded and executed during model loading.","cvss_v4":{"vector":"CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:P/PR:L/UI:A/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H","score":7.3},"cvss_v3":{"version":"3.1","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H","score":9.8},"cwes":["CWE-94"],"references":["https://github.com/keras-team/keras/pull/20751","https://towerofhanoi.it/writeups/cve-2025-1550/"],"products":["keras:keras"],"source":"nvd","synced_at":"2026-10-19T22:00:17.429720821+00:00"},"epss":{"cve":"CVE-2025-1550","score":0.02626,"percentile":0.85491,"date":"2026-10-31"},"kev":null,"osv":[{"id":"GHSA-48g7-3x6r-xfhp","url":"https://osv.dev/vulnerability/GHSA-48g7-3x6r-xfhp","summary":"Arbitrary Code Execution via Crafted Keras Config for Model Loading","modified":"2026-09-10T03:50:56.790604392Z","packages":[{"ecosystem":"PyPI","name":"keras","purl":"pkg:pypi/keras","ranges":[">=3.0.0 <3.9.0"],"fixed":["3.9.0"]}]},{"id":"PYSEC-2025-122","url":"https://osv.dev/vulnerability/PYSEC-2025-122","summary":"","modified":"2026-06-10T17:01:53.711341676Z","packages":[{"ecosystem":"PyPI","name":"keras","purl":"pkg:pypi/keras","ranges":[">=3.0.0 <3.8.0"],"fixed":["3.8.0"]}]}],"attribution":["This product uses the NVD API but is not endorsed or certified by the NVD.","EPSS scores: FIRST Exploit Prediction Scoring System, https://www.first.org/epss","Known exploited vulnerabilities: CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities Catalog, https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog","Package advisories: OSV (https://osv.dev), from the GitHub Advisory Database, PyPA, Go, RustSec and other ecosystem databases, under CC-BY 4.0 or CC0","CVE records: the CVE Program's CVE List (https://www.cve.org), under its terms of use (https://www.cve.org/Legal/TermsOfUse). CVE is a registered trademark of The MITRE Corporation; this product is not affiliated with the CVE Program."]}