{"cve":"CVE-2025-12816","nvd":{"published":"2025-11-25T20:15:58.870","modified":"2026-10-18T20:10:00.110","status":"Analyzed","description":"An interpretation-conflict (CWE-436) vulnerability in node-forge versions 1.3.1 and earlier enables unauthenticated attackers to craft ASN.1 structures to desynchronize schema validations, yielding a semantic divergence that may bypass downstream cryptographic verifications and security decisions.","cvss_v4":null,"cvss_v3":{"version":"3.1","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:N/I:H/A:N","score":8.6},"cwes":["CWE-436"],"references":["https://github.com/digitalbazaar/forge","https://github.com/digitalbazaar/forge/pull/1124","https://github.com/digitalbazaar/forge/security/advisories/GHSA-5gfm-wpxj-wjgq","https://kb.cert.org/vuls/id/521113","https://www.npmjs.com/package/node-forge"],"products":["digitalbazaar:forge"],"source":"nvd","synced_at":"2026-10-19T22:16:02.354564667+00:00"},"epss":{"cve":"CVE-2025-12816","score":0.00742,"percentile":0.54405,"date":"2026-10-25"},"kev":null,"osv":[{"id":"GHSA-5gfm-wpxj-wjgq","url":"https://osv.dev/vulnerability/GHSA-5gfm-wpxj-wjgq","summary":"node-forge has an Interpretation Conflict vulnerability via its ASN.1 Validator Desynchronization","modified":"2026-09-10T03:50:30.566175753Z","packages":[{"ecosystem":"npm","name":"node-forge","purl":"pkg:npm/node-forge","ranges":["<1.3.2"],"fixed":["1.3.2"]}]}],"attribution":["This product uses the NVD API but is not endorsed or certified by the NVD.","EPSS scores: FIRST Exploit Prediction Scoring System, https://www.first.org/epss","Known exploited vulnerabilities: CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities Catalog, https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog","Package advisories: OSV (https://osv.dev), from the GitHub Advisory Database, PyPA, Go, RustSec and other ecosystem databases, under CC-BY 4.0 or CC0","CVE records: the CVE Program's CVE List (https://www.cve.org), under its terms of use (https://www.cve.org/Legal/TermsOfUse). CVE is a registered trademark of The MITRE Corporation; this product is not affiliated with the CVE Program."]}