{"cve":"CVE-2025-12790","nvd":{"published":"2025-11-06T21:15:40.000","modified":"2026-10-18T21:10:00.120","status":"Deferred","description":"A flaw was found in Rubygem MQTT. By default, the package used to not have hostname validation, resulting in possible Man-in-the-Middle (MITM) attack.","cvss_v4":null,"cvss_v3":{"version":"3.1","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N","score":7.4},"cwes":["CWE-29"],"references":["https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2025-12790","https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2413004","https://github.com/njh/ruby-mqtt/blob/main/NEWS.md#ruby-mqtt-version-070-2025-10-29"],"products":[],"source":"nvd","synced_at":"2026-10-19T22:14:53.307938015+00:00"},"epss":{"cve":"CVE-2025-12790","score":0.00376,"percentile":0.31294,"date":"2026-10-25"},"kev":null,"osv":[{"id":"GHSA-9c5q-w6gr-fxcq","url":"https://osv.dev/vulnerability/GHSA-9c5q-w6gr-fxcq","summary":"MQTT does not validate hostnames","modified":"2025-11-07T00:29:54.704188Z","packages":[{"ecosystem":"RubyGems","name":"mqtt","purl":"pkg:gem/mqtt","ranges":["<0.7.0"],"fixed":["0.7.0"]}]}],"attribution":["This product uses the NVD API but is not endorsed or certified by the NVD.","EPSS scores: FIRST Exploit Prediction Scoring System, https://www.first.org/epss","Known exploited vulnerabilities: CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities Catalog, https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog","Package advisories: OSV (https://osv.dev), from the GitHub Advisory Database, PyPA, Go, RustSec and other ecosystem databases, under CC-BY 4.0 or CC0","CVE records: the CVE Program's CVE List (https://www.cve.org), under its terms of use (https://www.cve.org/Legal/TermsOfUse). CVE is a registered trademark of The MITRE Corporation; this product is not affiliated with the CVE Program."]}