{"cve":"CVE-2025-12028","nvd":{"published":"2025-10-24T09:15:44.367","modified":"2026-10-08T11:10:00.250","status":"Deferred","description":"The IndieAuth plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Cross-Site Request Forgery in all versions up to, and including, 4.5.4. This is due to missing nonce verification on the `login_form_indieauth()` function and the authorization endpoint at wp-login.php?action=indieauth. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to force authenticated users to approve OAuth authorization requests for attacker-controlled applications via a forged request granted they can trick a user into performing an action such as clicking on a link or visiting a malicious page while logged in. The attacker can then exchange the stolen authorization code for an access token, effectively taking over the victim's account with the granted scopes (create, update, delete).","cvss_v4":null,"cvss_v3":{"version":"3.1","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H","score":8.8},"cwes":["CWE-352"],"references":["https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/indieauth/tags/4.5.4/includes/class-indieauth-authorization-endpoint.php#L411","https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/indieauth/tags/4.5.4/includes/class-indieauth-authorization-endpoint.php#L418","https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/indieauth/tags/4.5.4/includes/class-indieauth-authorization-endpoint.php#L476","https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/changeset/3384558/","https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/id/42b373da-d5a6-4e3b-90f4-059da3641841?source=cve"],"products":[],"source":"nvd","synced_at":"2026-10-19T22:12:35.277909958+00:00"},"epss":{"cve":"CVE-2025-12028","score":0.00212,"percentile":0.11405,"date":"2026-10-25"},"kev":null,"osv":[],"attribution":["This product uses the NVD API but is not endorsed or certified by the NVD.","EPSS scores: FIRST Exploit Prediction Scoring System, https://www.first.org/epss","Known exploited vulnerabilities: CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities Catalog, https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog","Package advisories: OSV (https://osv.dev), from the GitHub Advisory Database, PyPA, Go, RustSec and other ecosystem databases, under CC-BY 4.0 or CC0","CVE records: the CVE Program's CVE List (https://www.cve.org), under its terms of use (https://www.cve.org/Legal/TermsOfUse). CVE is a registered trademark of The MITRE Corporation; this product is not affiliated with the CVE Program."]}