{"cve":"CVE-2024-28185","nvd":{"published":"2024-04-18T15:15:29.283","modified":"2026-06-17T07:21:09.860","status":"Deferred","description":"Judge0 is an open-source online code execution system. The application does not account for symlinks placed inside the sandbox directory, which can be leveraged by an attacker to write to arbitrary files and gain code execution outside of the sandbox. When executing a submission, Judge0 writes a `run_script` to the sandbox directory. The security issue is that an attacker can create a symbolic link (symlink) at the path `run_script` before this code is executed, resulting in the `f.write` writing to an arbitrary file on the unsandboxed system. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to overwrite scripts on the system and gain code execution outside of the sandbox.","cvss_v4":null,"cvss_v3":{"version":"3.1","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H","score":10.0},"cwes":["CWE-59","CWE-61"],"references":["https://github.com/judge0/judge0/blob/v1.13.0/app/jobs/isolate_job.rb#L197-L201","https://github.com/judge0/judge0/commit/846d5839026161bb299b7a35fd3b2afb107992fc","https://github.com/judge0/judge0/security/advisories/GHSA-h9g2-45c8-89cf","https://github.com/judge0/judge0/blob/v1.13.0/app/jobs/isolate_job.rb#L197-L201","https://github.com/judge0/judge0/commit/846d5839026161bb299b7a35fd3b2afb107992fc"],"products":[],"source":"nvd","synced_at":"2026-10-19T21:49:08.435428910+00:00"},"epss":{"cve":"CVE-2024-28185","score":0.07057,"percentile":0.94206,"date":"2026-11-01"},"kev":null,"osv":[],"attribution":["This product uses the NVD API but is not endorsed or certified by the NVD.","EPSS scores: FIRST Exploit Prediction Scoring System, https://www.first.org/epss","Known exploited vulnerabilities: CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities Catalog, https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog","Package advisories: OSV (https://osv.dev), from the GitHub Advisory Database, PyPA, Go, RustSec and other ecosystem databases, under CC-BY 4.0 or CC0","CVE records: the CVE Program's CVE List (https://www.cve.org), under its terms of use (https://www.cve.org/Legal/TermsOfUse). CVE is a registered trademark of The MITRE Corporation; this product is not affiliated with the CVE Program."]}