{"cve":"CVE-2024-28183","nvd":{"published":"2024-03-25T15:15:52.183","modified":"2026-06-17T07:21:09.597","status":"Analyzed","description":"ESP-IDF is the development framework for Espressif SoCs supported on Windows, Linux and macOS. A Time-of-Check to Time-of-Use (TOCTOU) vulnerability was discovered in the implementation of the ESP-IDF bootloader which could allow an attacker with physical access to flash of the device to bypass anti-rollback protection. Anti-rollback prevents rollback to application with security version lower than one programmed in eFuse of chip. This attack can allow to boot past (passive) application partition having lower security version of the same device even in the presence of the flash encryption scheme. The attack requires carefully modifying the flash contents after the anti-rollback checks have been performed by the bootloader (before loading the application). The vulnerability is fixed in 4.4.7 and 5.2.1.","cvss_v4":null,"cvss_v3":{"version":"3.1","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:P/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N","score":5.7},"cwes":["CWE-367"],"references":["https://github.com/espressif/esp-idf/commit/3305cb4d235182067936f8e940e6db174e25b4b2","https://github.com/espressif/esp-idf/commit/4c95aa445d4e84f01f86b6f3a552aa299276abf3","https://github.com/espressif/esp-idf/commit/534e3ad1fa68526a5f989fb2163856d6b7cd2c87","https://github.com/espressif/esp-idf/commit/7003f1ef0dffc73c34eb153d1b0710babb078149","https://github.com/espressif/esp-idf/commit/b2cdc0678965790f49afeb6e6b0737cd24433a05"],"products":["espressif:esp-idf"],"source":"nvd","synced_at":"2026-10-19T21:47:51.568503435+00:00"},"epss":{"cve":"CVE-2024-28183","score":0.00225,"percentile":0.13227,"date":"2026-11-01"},"kev":null,"osv":[],"attribution":["This product uses the NVD API but is not endorsed or certified by the NVD.","EPSS scores: FIRST Exploit Prediction Scoring System, https://www.first.org/epss","Known exploited vulnerabilities: CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities Catalog, https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog","Package advisories: OSV (https://osv.dev), from the GitHub Advisory Database, PyPA, Go, RustSec and other ecosystem databases, under CC-BY 4.0 or CC0","CVE records: the CVE Program's CVE List (https://www.cve.org), under its terms of use (https://www.cve.org/Legal/TermsOfUse). CVE is a registered trademark of The MITRE Corporation; this product is not affiliated with the CVE Program."]}