{"cve":"CVE-2024-28119","nvd":{"published":"2024-03-21T22:15:12.233","modified":"2026-06-17T07:21:00.337","status":"Analyzed","description":"Grav is an open-source, flat-file content management system. Prior to version 1.7.45, due to the unrestricted access to twig extension class from grav context, an attacker can redefine the escape function and execute arbitrary commands. Twig processing of static pages can be enabled in the front matter by any administrative user allowed to create or edit pages. As the Twig processor runs unsandboxed, this behavior can be used to gain arbitrary code execution and elevate privileges on the instance. Version 1.7.45 contains a patch for this issue.","cvss_v4":null,"cvss_v3":{"version":"3.1","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H","score":8.8},"cwes":["CWE-94"],"references":["https://github.com/getgrav/grav/commit/de1ccfa12dbcbf526104d68c1a6bc202a98698fe","https://github.com/getgrav/grav/security/advisories/GHSA-2m7x-c7px-hp58","https://github.com/twigphp/Twig/blob/3.x/src/Extension/EscaperExtension.php#L99","https://github.com/getgrav/grav/commit/de1ccfa12dbcbf526104d68c1a6bc202a98698fe","https://github.com/getgrav/grav/security/advisories/GHSA-2m7x-c7px-hp58"],"products":["getgrav:grav"],"source":"nvd","synced_at":"2026-10-19T21:47:51.568503435+00:00"},"epss":{"cve":"CVE-2024-28119","score":0.01584,"percentile":0.75566,"date":"2026-10-31"},"kev":null,"osv":[],"attribution":["This product uses the NVD API but is not endorsed or certified by the NVD.","EPSS scores: FIRST Exploit Prediction Scoring System, https://www.first.org/epss","Known exploited vulnerabilities: CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities Catalog, https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog","Package advisories: OSV (https://osv.dev), from the GitHub Advisory Database, PyPA, Go, RustSec and other ecosystem databases, under CC-BY 4.0 or CC0","CVE records: the CVE Program's CVE List (https://www.cve.org), under its terms of use (https://www.cve.org/Legal/TermsOfUse). CVE is a registered trademark of The MITRE Corporation; this product is not affiliated with the CVE Program."]}