{"cve":"CVE-2023-54173","nvd":{"published":"2025-12-30T13:16:05.157","modified":"2026-10-15T22:17:54.280","status":"Deferred","description":"In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nbpf: Disable preemption in bpf_event_output\n\nWe received report [1] of kernel crash, which is caused by\nusing nesting protection without disabled preemption.\n\nThe bpf_event_output can be called by programs executed by\nbpf_prog_run_array_cg function that disabled migration but\nkeeps preemption enabled.\n\nThis can cause task to be preempted by another one inside the\nnesting protection and lead eventually to two tasks using same\nperf_sample_data buffer and cause crashes like:\n\n  BUG: kernel NULL pointer dereference, address: 0000000000000001\n  #PF: supervisor instruction fetch in kernel mode\n  #PF: error_code(0x0010) - not-present page\n  ...\n  ? perf_output_sample+0x12a/0x9a0\n  ? finish_task_switch.isra.0+0x81/0x280\n  ? perf_event_output+0x66/0xa0\n  ? bpf_event_output+0x13a/0x190\n  ? bpf_event_output_data+0x22/0x40\n  ? bpf_prog_dfc84bbde731b257_cil_sock4_connect+0x40a/0xacb\n  ? xa_load+0x87/0xe0\n  ? __cgroup_bpf_run_filter_sock_addr+0xc1/0x1a0\n  ? release_sock+0x3e/0x90\n  ? sk_setsockopt+0x1a1/0x12f0\n  ? udp_pre_connect+0x36/0x50\n  ? inet_dgram_connect+0x93/0xa0\n  ? __sys_connect+0xb4/0xe0\n  ? udp_setsockopt+0x27/0x40\n  ? __pfx_udp_push_pending_frames+0x10/0x10\n  ? __sys_setsockopt+0xdf/0x1a0\n  ? __x64_sys_connect+0xf/0x20\n  ? do_syscall_64+0x3a/0x90\n  ? entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x72/0xdc\n\nFixing this by disabling preemption in bpf_event_output.\n\n[1] https://github.com/cilium/cilium/issues/26756","cvss_v4":null,"cvss_v3":{"version":"3.1","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H","score":7.8},"cwes":[],"references":["https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/063c9ce8e74e07bf94f99cd13146f42867875e8b","https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/3048cb0dc0cc9dc74ed93690dffef00733bcad5b","https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/36dd8ca330b76585640ed32255a3c99f901e1502","https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/c81bdf8f9f2b002d217c3d5357cdea9f2b82ff90","https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/d62cc390c2e99ae267ffe4b8d7e2e08b6c758c32"],"products":[],"source":"nvd","synced_at":"2026-10-19T22:18:08.089039631+00:00"},"epss":{"cve":"CVE-2023-54173","score":0.00154,"percentile":0.04474,"date":"2026-10-25"},"kev":null,"osv":[],"attribution":["This product uses the NVD API but is not endorsed or certified by the NVD.","EPSS scores: FIRST Exploit Prediction Scoring System, https://www.first.org/epss","Known exploited vulnerabilities: CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities Catalog, https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog","Package advisories: OSV (https://osv.dev), from the GitHub Advisory Database, PyPA, Go, RustSec and other ecosystem databases, under CC-BY 4.0 or CC0","CVE records: the CVE Program's CVE List (https://www.cve.org), under its terms of use (https://www.cve.org/Legal/TermsOfUse). CVE is a registered trademark of The MITRE Corporation; this product is not affiliated with the CVE Program."]}