{"cve":"CVE-2023-4316","nvd":{"published":"2023-09-28T21:15:10.313","modified":"2026-06-17T06:37:33.450","status":"Modified","description":"Zod in versions 3.21.0 up to and including 3.22.3 allows an attacker to perform a denial of service while validating emails.","cvss_v4":null,"cvss_v3":{"version":"3.1","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H","score":7.5},"cwes":["CWE-1333"],"references":["https://fluidattacks.com/advisories/swift","https://www.npmjs.com/package/zod","https://fluidattacks.com/advisories/swift","https://www.npmjs.com/package/zod"],"products":["zod:zod"],"source":"nvd","synced_at":"2026-10-19T21:39:34.467980132+00:00"},"epss":{"cve":"CVE-2023-4316","score":0.00925,"percentile":0.60465,"date":"2026-10-31"},"kev":null,"osv":[{"id":"GHSA-m95q-7qp3-xv42","url":"https://osv.dev/vulnerability/GHSA-m95q-7qp3-xv42","summary":"Zod denial of service vulnerability","modified":"2024-09-06T19:11:37Z","packages":[{"ecosystem":"npm","name":"zod","purl":"pkg:npm/zod","ranges":["<3.22.3"],"fixed":["3.22.3"]}]}],"attribution":["This product uses the NVD API but is not endorsed or certified by the NVD.","EPSS scores: FIRST Exploit Prediction Scoring System, https://www.first.org/epss","Known exploited vulnerabilities: CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities Catalog, https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog","Package advisories: OSV (https://osv.dev), from the GitHub Advisory Database, PyPA, Go, RustSec and other ecosystem databases, under CC-BY 4.0 or CC0","CVE records: the CVE Program's CVE List (https://www.cve.org), under its terms of use (https://www.cve.org/Legal/TermsOfUse). CVE is a registered trademark of The MITRE Corporation; this product is not affiliated with the CVE Program."]}