{"cve":"CVE-2023-42118","nvd":{"published":"2024-05-03T03:15:50.643","modified":"2026-06-17T06:23:30.000","status":"Analyzed","description":"Exim libspf2 Integer Underflow Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows network-adjacent attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of Exim libspf2. Authentication is not required to exploit this vulnerability. \n\nThe specific flaw exists within the parsing of SPF macros. When parsing SPF macros, the process does not properly validate user-supplied data, which can result in an integer underflow before writing to memory. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the service account.\n. Was ZDI-CAN-17578.","cvss_v4":null,"cvss_v3":{"version":"3.1","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H","score":8.8},"cwes":["CWE-191"],"references":["https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-23-1472/","http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2025/03/28/1","https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-23-1472/"],"products":["libspf2_project:libspf2"],"source":"nvd","synced_at":"2026-10-19T21:49:23.840078609+00:00"},"epss":{"cve":"CVE-2023-42118","score":0.08419,"percentile":0.94993,"date":"2026-11-01"},"kev":null,"osv":[],"attribution":["This product uses the NVD API but is not endorsed or certified by the NVD.","EPSS scores: FIRST Exploit Prediction Scoring System, https://www.first.org/epss","Known exploited vulnerabilities: CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities Catalog, https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog","Package advisories: OSV (https://osv.dev), from the GitHub Advisory Database, PyPA, Go, RustSec and other ecosystem databases, under CC-BY 4.0 or CC0","CVE records: the CVE Program's CVE List (https://www.cve.org), under its terms of use (https://www.cve.org/Legal/TermsOfUse). CVE is a registered trademark of The MITRE Corporation; this product is not affiliated with the CVE Program."]}