{"cve":"CVE-2023-41991","nvd":{"published":"2023-09-21T19:15:11.283","modified":"2026-06-17T06:23:13.087","status":"Analyzed","description":"A certificate validation issue was addressed. This issue is fixed in macOS Ventura 13.6, iOS 16.7 and iPadOS 16.7. A malicious app may be able to bypass signature validation. Apple is aware of a report that this issue may have been actively exploited against versions of iOS before iOS 16.7.","cvss_v4":null,"cvss_v3":{"version":"3.1","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N","score":5.5},"cwes":["CWE-295"],"references":["https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT213927","https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT213931","https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT213927","https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT213931","https://support.apple.com/kb/HT213927"],"products":["apple:ipados","apple:iphone_os","apple:macos"],"source":"nvd","synced_at":"2026-10-19T21:39:24.235896374+00:00"},"epss":{"cve":"CVE-2023-41991","score":0.1338,"percentile":0.9642,"date":"2026-11-01"},"kev":{"cve":"CVE-2023-41991","date_added":"2023-09-25","due_date":"2023-10-16","vendor":"Apple","product":"Multiple Products","known_ransomware":false},"osv":[],"attribution":["This product uses the NVD API but is not endorsed or certified by the NVD.","EPSS scores: FIRST Exploit Prediction Scoring System, https://www.first.org/epss","Known exploited vulnerabilities: CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities Catalog, https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog","Package advisories: OSV (https://osv.dev), from the GitHub Advisory Database, PyPA, Go, RustSec and other ecosystem databases, under CC-BY 4.0 or CC0","CVE records: the CVE Program's CVE List (https://www.cve.org), under its terms of use (https://www.cve.org/Legal/TermsOfUse). CVE is a registered trademark of The MITRE Corporation; this product is not affiliated with the CVE Program."]}