{"cve":"CVE-2023-39320","nvd":{"published":"2023-09-08T17:15:27.977","modified":"2026-06-17T06:12:01.493","status":"Modified","description":"The go.mod toolchain directive, introduced in Go 1.21, can be leveraged to execute scripts and binaries relative to the root of the module when the \"go\" command was executed within the module. This applies to modules downloaded using the \"go\" command from the module proxy, as well as modules downloaded directly using VCS software.","cvss_v4":null,"cvss_v3":{"version":"3.1","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H","score":9.8},"cwes":["CWE-94"],"references":["https://go.dev/cl/526158","https://go.dev/issue/62198","https://groups.google.com/g/golang-dev/c/2C5vbR-UNkI/m/L1hdrPhfBAAJ","https://pkg.go.dev/vuln/GO-2023-2042","https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/202311-09"],"products":["golang:go"],"source":"nvd","synced_at":"2026-10-19T21:39:24.235896374+00:00"},"epss":{"cve":"CVE-2023-39320","score":0.01757,"percentile":0.77956,"date":"2026-11-01"},"kev":null,"osv":[{"id":"GO-2023-2042","url":"https://osv.dev/vulnerability/GO-2023-2042","summary":"Arbitrary code execution via go.mod toolchain directive in cmd/go","modified":"2026-02-04T02:32:48.559967Z","packages":[{"ecosystem":"Go","name":"toolchain","purl":"pkg:golang/toolchain","ranges":[">=1.21.0-0 <1.21.1"],"fixed":["1.21.1"]}]}],"attribution":["This product uses the NVD API but is not endorsed or certified by the NVD.","EPSS scores: FIRST Exploit Prediction Scoring System, https://www.first.org/epss","Known exploited vulnerabilities: CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities Catalog, https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog","Package advisories: OSV (https://osv.dev), from the GitHub Advisory Database, PyPA, Go, RustSec and other ecosystem databases, under CC-BY 4.0 or CC0","CVE records: the CVE Program's CVE List (https://www.cve.org), under its terms of use (https://www.cve.org/Legal/TermsOfUse). CVE is a registered trademark of The MITRE Corporation; this product is not affiliated with the CVE Program."]}